Laravel
How to use multiple databases in Laravel
Introduction
If you want to access multiple databases at a time, you need to create different database connections to manage your business requirement. Laravel has the capability to handle multiple different types of data sources in the same application.
Reasons for Working with Multiple Databases
- Separation of Data: microservice or modular architecture, when each module has its own database.
- Legacy System: It can be a new Laravel application where you have to integrate and work with an older system.
- Different Database Types: Integration of the different databases MySQL, MongoDBs etc. in the same application is required.
How to Connect to Multiple Databases
1. Add Additional Database Configurations in config/database.php
'mysql' => [ 'driver' => 'mysql', 'host' => env('DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1'), 'port' => env('DB_PORT', '3306'), 'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'), 'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'), 'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''), 'unix_socket' => env('DB_SOCKET', ''), 'charset' => 'utf8mb4', 'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci' ], 'mysql2' => [ 'driver' => 'mysql', 'host' => env('DB2_HOST', '127.0.0.1'), 'port' => env('DB2_PORT', '3306'), 'database' => env('DB2_DATABASE', 'forge'), 'username' => env('DB2_USERNAME', 'forge'), 'password' => env('DB2_PASSWORD', ''), 'unix_socket' => env('DB2_SOCKET', ''), 'charset' => 'utf8mb4', 'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci' ],
2. Define Connections in the .env File
DB_CONNECTION=mysqlDB_HOST=127.0.0.1DB_PORT=3306DB_DATABASE=testDB_USERNAME=rootDB_PASSWORD=rootDB2_CONNECTION=mysqlDB2_HOST=127.0.0.1DB2_PORT=3306DB2_DATABASE=test2DB2_USERNAME=root2DB2_PASSWORD=root2
How to Use Multiple Databases in Code
There are multiple ways to use them.
Use it as a Row Query:
$users = DB::table('users')->get(); // first Database query$users2 = DB::connection('mysql2')->table(‘users')->get(); // second Database query
Use it in Eloquent Models:
We need to specify the connection in the model.
protected $connection = mysql2; //We need to specify this connection in the class
After the connection is defined, if you need to retrieve all user details using mysql2, you just need to write User::all().
Using Migration:
If you want to run a migration on the specific database then we need to use
- -database
Conclusion
Using this concept, we can develop a highly scalable and flexible application that can manage several data resources very efficiently. A developer can easily manage and use the multi-database by using multiple database configurations.
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