Angular
Optimizing Performance in Angular Applications
Introduction
Angular is a powerful framework for building dynamic and scalable web applications. However, as applications grow, performance bottlenecks can arise, leading to slow load times and laggy interactions. This blog explores key strategies to optimize performance in Angular applications.
1. Use OnPush Change Detection Strategy
This means the default change detection strategy (Default) of Angular runs frequently in large applications. Using OnPush reduces the change detection cycles and detects changes when input properties have changed.
@Component({ selector: 'app-optimized', templateUrl: './optimized.component.html', changeDetection: ChangeDetectionStrategy.OnPush})export class OptimizedComponent { @Input() data!: any;} 2. Lazy Loading Modules
Instead of loading all modules when the application is run, use lazy loading to load a module only when it is necessary.
const routes: Routes = [ { path: 'dashboard', loadChildren: () => import('./dashboard/dashboard.module').then(m => m.DashboardModule) }];3. Optimize Angular Pipes
Use pure pipes as a last resort inside the template. Instead of subscribing manually in the component and then unsubscribing, use async pipes for observables.
<p>{{ data$ | async }}</p>4. Reduce Unnecessary DOM Manipulations
Use trackBy in *ngFor loops to prevent Angular from re-rendering unchanged items.
<div *ngFor="let item of items; trackBy: trackByFn">{{ item.name }}</div>trackByFn(index: number, item: any) { return item.id;}5. Optimize HTTP Requests with Caching
Cache API responses to avoid unnecessary requests.
@Injectable({ providedIn: 'root' })export class DataService { private cache = new Map<string, any>(); constructor(private http: HttpClient) {} getData(url: string): Observable<any> { if (this.cache.has(url)) { return of(this.cache.get(url)); } return this.http.get(url).pipe(tap(data => this.cache.set(url, data))); }}6. Use Web Workers for Heavy Computations
For CPU-intensive tasks, offload work to Web Workers.
const worker = new Worker(new URL('./app.worker', import.meta.url));worker.postMessage('start');worker.onmessage = ({ data }) => { console.log(`Worker output: ${data}`);};7. Minimize Bundle Size
Use Angular CLI's built-in optimization features:
- Tree shaking: Remove unused code by setting "sideEffects": false in package.json.
- Enable AOT Compilation: ng build --aot
- Use Source Map Explorer: Analyze bundle size with source-map-explorer
8. Optimize Images and Assets
Compress images using tools like TinyPNG and use lazy loading for images:
<img loading="lazy" src="image.jpg" alt="Optimized Image" />9. Use Service Workers for PWA
Angular provides inbuilt support for Progressive Web Apps (PWAs). Enable service workers to cache resources.
ng add @angular/pwa10. Avoid Memory Leaks
Unsubscribe from observables when components are destroyed to avoid memory leaks.
ngOnDestroy() { this.subscription.unsubscribe();}Conclusion
By applying these optimization strategies, you can enhance the performance of your Angular application to be faster and smoother in interacting with the users. Frequency profiling using Angular DevTools and Chrome DevTools will enable you to periodically identify performance bottlenecks and thus guarantee maximum efficiency.
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